North Korea
How to deal with the world’s most dangerous regime
from The Economist
Kim Jong Un celebrated grandpa’s birthday on 4/15. The regime threatens enemies by nuclear destruction & is building a missile reaching US
Dealing with bellicose Kim Jong Un will be one of Mr Trump’s trickiest tasks & the first big test of how he handles relations with China
Wanting to do something quickly is emotionally appealing. Yet a pre-emptive strike would be reckless & could turn nuclear & kill millions
Creating the impression Trump might strike first is dangerous. If Kim were to believe, he might attack first. Trump should cool his rhetoric
Mr Kim sees his nuclear arsenal as a guarantee of his survival. Economic sanctions & cyber-attacks are ineffective. US needs China’s help
North Korea is China’s ally. China does not wish North Korea reunite with the South & does not want American troops on its border
To contain North Korea Mr Trump has to learn how to talk to China. His transactional approach is ineffective for diplomacy
America should strengthen the rules-based order and invite China to join it instead of letting China break the rules in exchange for help
He should talk about North Korea itself, not the yuan or US steel jobs, to persuade China that it is in its own interest to curb North Korea
Mr Trump should reassure JP & the South they remain under US’s protection & China his goal is not invasion but detering nuclear threat
If the North were to use its nukes, the regime would be obliterated. In the long run, reunification is inevitable and desirable
| 2017/04/28
| Politics
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Japanese education
Why bullying in Japanese schools is especially traumatic
from The Economist
A boy from Fukushima was called “germ boy”, stolen his things, punched & kicked & thrown down the stairs by his new classmates in Yokohama
The boy was told to hand over any compensation his family may have received & gave them ¥1.5m which his family borrowed from their relatives
Bullying is intense in Japan. In 1986 a boy killed himself after months of mock funeral. Suicide is the biggest cause of death for teenagers
In Japan bullying is a group phenomenon & involves a big portion of a class inflicting psychological & physical torment on a single victim
Some say: “A characteristic of Japan is that you should not stand out”; “Pupils have to lead a collective life when they are at school”
School activities are organised in groups. Pupils must adhere to rules about uniforms or hairstyles & should “read the vibes,” kuuki wo yomu
OECD’s PISA test suggests that JP students are smart & diligent but don’t enjoy school much. JP schools are like “dysfunctional communities”
Teachers are not trained to spot bullying. There are few incentives to notice or deal with it. 12% of them have taken part in bullying
Local school boards have neglected the problem & even blamed the boy from Fukushima for handing over his family’s savings voluntarily
An anti-bullying law requires schools to report cases of bullying. (224,450 in 2015.) But they might underestimates the scale of the abuse
The law urges teachers to report bullying. But bullies are rarely punished: in 2014 there were 188,057 reported cases & just 2 suspensions
44% of gay teens were bullied last year. Teachers said the sexuality broke the harmony. 1/3 teachers think homosexuality is a mental illness
JP government said it would review its anti-bullying policies. Policymakers & teachers should recognise too much conformity plays a part
| 2017/04/27
| Politics
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Corporate ambitions
Amazon, the world’s most remarkable firm, is just getting started
from The Economist
Amazon, the former bookseller, is now a leading provider of cloud computing, TV programs and original physical products include Amazon Echo
Since 2015 its share price has jumped by 173%. It’s the fifth-most-valuable firm. But 92% of its value is due to profits expected after 2020
Investors anticipate a rise in sales from $136bn to $500bn (2016-17). It will have to grow faster than any company to justify its valuation
Microsoft has cloud-computing ambitions; Walmart has $500bn revenues & online services. All depends on Bezos. How can he achieve this goal?
Amazon’s unusual approach 1) time: Amazon is resolutely focused on the distant horizon. Mr Bezos emphasises two businesses: e-commerce & AWS
The more customers use Amazon’s services, the more Amazon can invest in new services: two-hour shipping; streaming video and music; Alexa
So long as shareholders retain their faith in this model, Amazon will be able to keep spending, which will keep making it more powerful
2) the breadth of activities: logistics; search engines; SNS; foods; all types of medias. Stockmarkets apply a “conglomerate discount”
Amazon could be a new kind of utility, providing the infrastructure of commerce: AWS; warehouse; air-freight; payment system; drone delivery
For now, Amazon is unlikely to attract the attention of regulators b/c US’s antitrust enforcers look at its effect on consumers & pricing
But Amazon may be accused of using its clout as a digital platform to extend its power to adjacent businesses like Google in Europe
If it become a utility for commerce, the calls will grow for it to be regulated as one, which will bring it into conflict with government
Amazon’s stock price (2001-2017)
| 2017/04/02
| Business, Summary
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Point, click, treat
The rise of the medical selfie
from The Economist
The right manipulation of light, distance and the angle can make a picture more honest—and therefore more useful for medical purposes
Dip.io uses mobile-phone cameras for urine analysis. The patient takes a picture of dipstick against the background of a colour card
These tests using sticks require colour-matching. Therefore, home analysis is regarded as unreliable
NHS starts to use the app to monitor those suffering from sclerosis. Home-testing will speed up treatment and save NHS around $12m a year
If chronic kidney disease is detected early, by screening the urine of those at risk, sufferers can slow the disease’s progress
For a diagnosis of a skin condition, coloured hexagons act as a reference which the app uses to correct and standardise the resulting image
The app may employ spectroscopy or extend its range into the infrared and ultraviolet, which helps analyse things invisible to the naked eye
| 2017/03/20
| Business, Summary
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One China, many meanings
Why the absurd one-China policy must be upheld
from The Economist
If US rejects “one-China policy”: riots would erupt in China; China might attack on Taiwan; the global economy would shudder
The policy is in a fragile state. Mr Trump needs to make US’s support for the status quo clearer than ever
The aim of the policy was to flatter Red China, which Nixon wanted as an ally in the cold war against the Soviet Union
They were divided by ideology but united initially by the hatred of the Soviets & later by the pursuit of wealth by trading with each other
“Taiwan Relations Act” hints that US might come to defend Taiwan. China might be building up military power to deter US’s intervention
Last year Taiwanese elected an independence-leaning president & have started to question the idea of “one China”
Most are happy to let the one-China fudge persist. But the Communist Party will never abandon its claim & may be tempted to invade Taiwan
Rather than using Taiwan as a bargaining chip, US should maintain its military support for it’s a token that US has a stake in Taiwan’s fate
| 2017/03/19
| Politics
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